Ethnic Singkil in Custom Frame and Indonesian Culture

The Singkil (nation) Singkil consists primarily of the Sourayans and the Cinendang people who in ancient times, since about the eighteenth century each had 8 (eight) kingdoms so famous for the "Kingdom of Sienambelas" which means the total of 16 (sixteen) kingdoms. The kingdom that directly fought with the Dutch troops on a frontal front was a stone-stone king under its kingdom called Sultan Dolat: the famous Stone Fortress.

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As a war tactic of the Stone-stone kingdom to survive the attack of the Kafir means Dutch: now preserved as the name of a soccer field in Singkil Market and the name of the subdistrict of the division of Simpang Kiri.

In Souraya there are eight sovereign kingdoms:

Kingdom of Kuta Baharu.
The Kingdom of Longkip.
Mbinanga Kingdom.
The Ninny Kingdom.
Kingdom of Paser Bello.
Kingdom of stones.
Bellegen Kingdom.
Kingdom of Kombih.
While the eight kingdoms in the river flow Lae Cinendang namely:

Kingdom of Tanjung Mas.
Royal Silatong.
Kingdom of Edge Limus.
Kingdom of Suro.
The Kingdom of Serinah.
The Kingdom of Tanah Merah.
Kingdom of Kuta Batu.
Kingdom of Punaga.
Singkil language

Basa Singkil is one of the languages ​​found in Aceh Province where its existence is very little known. Singkil which is one of the tribes in Indonesia is still very rarely encountered in the form of literature. In this paper I try to introduce Singkil tribes and languages.

Singkil which is rarely known is a tribe that becomes the majority of the population in Aceh Singkil and Subulussalam Sub-districts and is also found in significant numbers in Southeast Aceh Regency. So far, people who are tribe and speak Singkil are more accustomed to call themselves as Kalak Kampong and Basa Kampong. this refers to the average residence of the speakers in Gampong. namely the smallest governance for the people of Aceh. Some also call themselves Kalak Buang. This refers to the Pakpak People's designation of Tanoh Singkil as Tanoh Buang.

Boang's name has also started to take root since the opening of land relations Subulussalam in Tanoh Singkil to Sidikalang in Tanoh Pakpak around the mid-eighties.

So with a habit like this, which calls itself as a kampong people, it is definitely the loss of existence of the mention of the Singkil tribe itself. And mingkin will have an impact on extinction, the Singkil tribe is no longer known then disappear slowly.

So as a knowledgeable human knowledge is appropriate we find out the identity itself and maintain and preserve it. Namely leave the mention of kalong kampong, and get used to call the tribe Singkil.

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The language used by the Singkil Nation is called the Singkil Language which became the Language of Unity throughout the Singkil region. Very typical in the Singkil language is that in the language there is no "R" sound like in English. If we look in English then there is no letter "R" and indeed the English people can not pronounce the letters even if they use a language other than English.

However, it is not the case with the Singkil Nation, although in their language there is no "R" but they can recite the letters, especially if they use a language other than the Singkil language. In fact they will be exactly in reciting the language so that people will not know that those who speak are Singkil people.

Due to the absence of the letter "R" in Singkil and the absence of Singkil letters / letters, the Singkil language if written in Latin letters, then other writings are also the same reading with English in the previous discussion.Thus all the symbols of the letter "R" should be read / pronounced as "Gh" in Arabic.

And the way of reading must be thoroughly learned so that the meanings described in Singkil are not wrong and not oddly heard in the ears of the Singkil. For example the KELLEK vocabulary. The letter "e" should be pronounced like the letter "e" in the word "NEAR" in Indonesian. The last letter "k" should also be pronounced like the letter "Q" (qaf) in Arabic so that the Singkil understands the meaning, that is "very, very" and not strange to be heard by the ears of the Singkil.

Likewise, the letters 'F' in the Singkil language is "inadequate." Almost all of the Singkil vocabulary does not use the letter "F" or perhaps all of it: although the Singkil people themselves can well pronounce the "F" when they speak another language.

Although the Singkil language is the language of unity within the Singkil region but between Souraya and Cinendang there are small differences: even between villages in Souraya there are small differences. Likewise the intonation is different Also. For example, in Sukhaya to call the mother of the father with the call "nempak" (from "father's host" to "nangpak" to "nempak") and mother of mother called "adong", then in Cinendang both called "adong" .

Therefore it is as if the Singkil language is perceived as "inferior" or "more conservative" from the "malayu randah" language so that it is within the community. His family and children always speak "rayah". Although his mother is a Singkil or his father who is a Singkil person. In fact, some Singkil people feel "embarrassed" using the Singkil language.

Even more concern for the Singkil people themselves: including its elite (politics dls) call Singkil language "kampung language" and instead "linguistically" they call it Singkil language.

Even more wretched is the book "BRIEF INFORMATION DISTRICT ACEH SINGKIL" published by the Government of Aceh Singkil District Youth and Sports Culture Office in 2002 on page 2, is not mentioned ethnic Singkil.But ethnic "ulu singkil" in accordance with " the Dutch term "for the sake of devide et emperanya: even the art that featured are Tor-tor and Situmba whereas the art of Singkil is not mentioned on page 2. And last but not least the famous Lae Souraya gambling orchestra in Aceh in Runding is not entered in the art list at the end of the book.

Though the orchestra ever toured Aceh in the framework of Golkar campaign. played at PKA IV in Banda Aceh and had received assistance from the Aceh Singkil government through the Head of the Culture Department. Youth and Sports of Aceh Singkil Regency who signed the book is Drs. H. Abdul Gani Berutu. We do not know whether this is monitored by the DPRD Aceh Singkil or not. Wallahu a'lam bisshawab.

But clearly the Dutch effort was indeed really mangkus and sangkil (effective and efficient) is almost permanent.

If we trace the river from the estuary Singkil upstream then when we get in the village Pemuka we meet the intersection of the river branching two. The one to the right is yan called Cinendang and the one to the left is called Souraya; formerly known as Kecamatan Simpang Kanan and Kec. Simpang Left. Cinendang is centered in Lipat Kajang and Souraya centered in Rundeng Market. In ancient times in the area of ​​Singkil there were only two markets namely Rundeng Market and Singkil Market.

Later by the Dutch made Rimo for the benefit of their airline which is now bigger and more advanced than Lipat Kajang.

That's it. So for people who are not tribe of the original Singkil Nation will feel the difficulty in mastering Singkil language especially in spoken language. In addition to the above. In Singkil to express something can consist of many Terms.

The Singkil are very reluctant to name someone so almost everyone has an alias or a nickname. Similarly, the Singkil wamta strongly feel the taboo mentioning her husband's name so that both of the above can sometimes be troublesome in everyday practice.

Medical time for example. The doctor or nurse asks the name of her husband is very difficult, but in the status of the patient should not be written mistress Polan because Polan mistress can be more than one.

Then in a speech call. The Singkil has a particularity in such a way that the person who listens to it no longer wonders about the relationship of brotherly bonding between who called and who was called.

If for example the call is MAKTUAN means the person who is called is his mother's brother and is the oldest man: unlike the MA'APUN which means the called is the youngest or youngest mother's brother.

Similarly, if called UAN means the person who is called must be the oldest man in the family. Then to a respected person, sometimes the Singkil calls "Ogek" regardless of whether the person is older or younger: as if this speech to bring the caller closer to the one who is called.

So how long did that man dwell in the land of Singkil. Even been hereditary but if we listen to him speak Singkil then we will soon know that the person is not the original Singkil.

This is a special language of Singkil. So it remains to be known which original person is Singkil and which is not a native of Singkil, however the person is speaking in Singkil ..

The Singkil language is either cognate or has the same root / root as Kluet (in Aceh Selalan). Karo. Pakpak language (in Dairi). Alas Language (in Aceh Tenggara). Mandailing and Toba languages ​​as there are similarities between the languages ​​mentioned above.

Sometimes the sounds of the words are the same even though they are meant to be different or sometimes the words and the meanings are the same. Indeed perhaps almost all the language in this world there are nuances of the beginning that actually proves that the origin of all humans is the same that is Adam AS.

As other languages ​​in the still-alive and still-worn world are used, the Singkil language is also influenced by other languages ​​so that many word terms enter the Singkil language.

Regards,
@djamidjalal

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