The Impact of Divorce on Children and Families

Having a prosperous and happy family must be the hope and aspiration of each partner who builds the household, but in fact, the family is not as easy as imagined, even in reality there are so many families who suffered from various problems and disputes that ended so that the title sakinah family is difficult to achieve, even the various factors and problems leads the family to the end of destruction and divorce.

the family as the smallest unit in society plays an important role in efforts to improve the welfare of the community is further expected to reduce the emergence of social problems. Understanding family problems is preceded by an understanding of the concept of a happy family or a harmonious family. Happy family is when all family members are happy which is marked by a decrease in tension, disappointment and satisfaction of all the circumstances and existence that includes the physical aspects. An unhappy family on the contrary whenever there is a family member whose life is overwhelmed with tension, disappointment and never being satisfied and happy about his or her state and being disturbed or obstructed.

Based on the results of research that the author has done, it can be concluded that divorce that occurs in society brings some impact (effect), especially on families who experienced the divorce itself.
The consequences of divorce against a family can be seen from two sides, namely to his children and to the common property (the treasures obtained during the marriage). As for the impact, can the author mention as follows:

1. The Impact of Divorce on Children
   The impacts of divorce on children are from the juridical side (law) are as follows:

a. Child Custody
The very real impact of a parent's divorce on the child from a juridical point is related to child custody. Based on the research authors, After divorced children marriage results from the public in general raised by the mothers. This can happen because after the divorce the mothers immediately determine for themselves that those who are more entitled to take care of the child than the father because of the age of the child is still small and the child's relationship is more familiar with his mother. The determination of custody conducted by one-sided by the mother also occurs when their child is over 12 years old.
b. Child's Life
From the research results of the author, divorce that occurred in the community has brought legal impact on children, especially the lack of fulfillment of the needs of children's livelihood, where generally after his parents divorced children tend to choose to live with his mother, while his father married other women and sometimes live in distant places with the child of his first wife. These conditions greatly affect the provision of livelihood and the fulfillment of children's needs.
The lack of fulfillment of children due to the divorce of their parents as experienced by Maryani's family and submitted to the author, where she has long divorced with her husband who married a woman, while her two small children remain with him. The economic condition that concerns make him difficult to meet the needs of his life and his two children, while her ex very rarely provide a living to both children. The father of his two children only provide the livestock and the needs of his children at most in a year only twice that is during Eid.

1. The Impact of Divorce on Joint Property

In addition to bringing impact on the life and rights of children, a divorce also affects the property acquired during marriage called joint treasure that is the property acquired during the marriage takes place. This is based on the author's interview with one divorced couple Mr. Musa who had divorced a few years ago, where he revealed that the common property that has been obtained during their marriage is divided by religious leaders and village officials
Based on the results of deliberation and wisdom of village officials, the houses they occupy are not shared between themselves and their wives, but are handed over to their wives because their children remain with their ex-wives. In addition to the home, their common property such as rice fields, gardens and other property is divided according to the usual law in society in which the husband's magnitude is greater than the wife's right.

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