Exotic fruit from Brazil - Mandacaru (Cereus jamacaru)

Mandacaru

Mandacaru (scientific name Cereus jamacaru) is a native Brazilian cactus, adapted to the climatic conditions of the semiarid. Also known as charcoal, the plant reaches up to six meters high and has a shape that can resemble a chandelier. Mandacaru is important for restoration of degraded soils, serves as a natural fence and feed for animals. The thorny plant survives droughts due to its large capacity to capture and retain water.

Spreading seeds, birds and wind help in the birth and growth of mandacaru in rural areas. Due to the absence of leaves, the species does not shade and thorns help defend against herbivorous animals. The fruits and flower of mandacaru serve as food for birds and bees. The plant is protected by a thick cuticle that blocks excessive water loss. The flowers are white and bloom at night, withering at sunrise. The fruit has a strong violet color and white flesh with tiny black seeds, which serve as food for birds of the region. It is also edible to humans.

Following a process that is initiated by the removal of the thorn, mandacaru serves as animal feed and is one of the few resources available during long drought periods. Mandacaru is also used as an ornamental plant, and baptizes the name of sites, towns, neighborhoods and cities.

The process of adapting the mandacaru to the semiarid lasted millions of years. The existence of the species, however, is in check. Human actions, with deforestation, and disease are threats to the permanence of this cactus in the Caatinga biome. The extinction of mandacaru will represent a loss to the environment and agriculture.