Update: Study Day

drmaizo (70)in #fundition • 5 years ago

Study Day

Today it is time to study, to read a little and to continue nurturing knowledge in order to improve. This time next to my companion cat who was not bored of being with me. The world of medicine is full of infinite books but the world of traumatology is characterized by large volumes of human anatomy. And today was one of those days 100% anatomy.

It is now considered that it is the needs of society and not other interests that should determine the purposes of education. This conception obliges the university institution to offer programs and curricula based on professional competencies.

Human Anatomy

Human anatomy is the science that studies the shape and structure of the human body. The term anatomy is very old. It derives from the Greek anatémnein (anatomos), which means to cut through, a meaning that is assimilated to the word dissecar (from the Latin dissecare, to cut). In its origins and for a long time, the anatomy was based solely on the dissection of the corpse. However, the anatomy must be oriented towards the living subject, towards the understanding of the forms and structures of the living organism. For this reason, modern imaging techniques, which allow us to contemplate the interior of the human body without having to open it, are valuable tools for the study of anatomy. Depending on the method used, anatomy can be descriptive, topographical, functional and causal.

The Human Body

Descriptive anatomy shows what the shape and structure of the parts of the body are like.

Topographic or regional anatomy divides the body into imaginary and conventional units in order to establish the spatial relationships of the different structures.

Functional anatomy looks for the existing correlation between the forms of the organism and the functions it performs. It is the attempt to capture the unity between the two ways in which the reality of living matter is presented to our senses: form and function. Being functional, anatomy establishes links with other disciplines such as physiology or molecular biology.
The causal anatomy investigates how the forms of organisms have originated, studying the individual development (anatomy of development) or the species (phylogenetic evolutionary anatomy).

The human anatomy to be learned by the student of medicine and other health sciences must be oriented towards clinical practice. Clinical anatomy highlights anatomical data useful for understanding the disease and for exploring and treating patients correctly.

The medical application of anatomy is of extraordinary importance. The objective of clinical anatomy is achieved when the student knows, for example, the structures that he feels with his hands in a patient, where to put the stethoscope to listen to the heart valves, recognize the inside of the larynx with a laryngoscope, be properly oriented in an X-ray, or deduce with his imagination the organs that can be injured when a subject has suffered a bullet wound that follows a certain trajectory. But, in addition, and in a primordial way, when he knows how to explain the consequences caused by the injury of a certain anatomical structure (a nerve, an artery, etc.).

One of the essential features of living forms is variability. No two individuals, no two organs, are exactly the same. Through constitution, age, race, and other factors, human organisms offer variations just like any other species. To describe the human body, anatomy performs a morphological abstraction and defines an ideal human type, a general pattern of forms and structures. This human type is considered the norm, that is, the statistically most frequent.

Deviations from the standard forms are variations, anomalies and malformations. Variations and anomalies do not alter function and are generally unimportant to the proper functioning of the organism. On the contrary, malformations do alter function. Variations differ from anomalies in that the former are statistically foreseeable, while the latter are not. The existence of structures that deviate from the general type must always be present in the mind of the doctor and surgeon.

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