Ancient philosophy. Life and creativity of Socrates.

in #godflesh5 years ago (edited)

Socrates was born in 469 BC. by unbearable Athenian citizens. His father, Sofroniscus, was a consummate, and his mother, Fennetta, was a midwife. In his teens, Socrates studied his father's art, but he also learned all the knowledge that young people in Athens could get. He became acquainted with the Sophists and their techniques and was convinced that their activities were harmful. Listening to his inner voice, which he took for divine revelation, Socrates gave himself to a serious self-test and to the continuous work of moral improvement of himself and his citizens. His research and scientific work in Athens was based on a deeply religious sense and was directed at a high moral aim.

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The penetrating philosopher examines carefully the works of Anaxagoras, the natriphilosophical hypotheses of the previous Hellenic sages, and the views of the Sophists, but he is not completely satisfied. Many of them have been deeply contemplated about the structure of the world, others have been dealing with meaningless verbal juggling, political figures have tried to create more efficient state structures, sculptors have sculptured wonderful white-stone statues, the Olympics have been in full swing . All this about Socrates is the manifestation of the unmanageable human pursuit of creativity, perfection, and self-assertion-the flight of spirit and body. But what kind of man? Why is this land? How should he lives? What's the point of its existence? Is it really true or is it a mirage, as the Sophists say?

These are questions that constantly accompany the thinker. If Socrates transfers the center of gravity from the outside world to the inner world, he does so not because the naturophilosophy stands outside the sphere of his interests. But for him, in the center of everything, is man, and every truth and knowledge has its meaning when it is existentially connected with it. Socrates is very similar in spirit to the first Athenian creators of the ancient Greek tragedy, who set the problems of the Promethean spirit, the struggle of man for happiness in the iron embrace of the inexorable necessity, the tragic affirmation of the human in man. It is alien to the superficial curiosity and enthusiasm about the fast-moving conjunctural ideas.

Philosophy is not entertaining fun, but principles that put human life under the sign of eternity. The educational activities of the Sophists have greatly influenced the scientific life of Greece. They have removed human thought from obedience to authority, and have discovered new areas for scientific research - the cognitive and moral activity of man. But on the other hand, by denying the possibility of obtaining objectively faithful knowledge, they killed the belief in man's cognitive ability and the pursuit of truth, and by rejecting the obedience of divine and human laws, and the possibility of giving scientific justification to ethics, destroying the foundations of moral life. This denial would have a devastating effect on the scientific, moral and state life of Greece, if the fiery defender of the truth and the good Socrates did not appear against him.

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