Mosquito Borne Diseases and Control

Mosquito Borne Illness is very common in the tropical region which has claimed more lives. There are different species of mosquitoes. Throughout the whole world there are over 3000 species of mosquitoes, 176 of them can be found in the United State of America, but not all are harmful. Some of the dangerous mosquitoes in the world are as follows:

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Anopheles Mosquitoes

This specie of mosquitoes is common in the tropical region of Africa, and it is capable of transmitting malaria. Anopheles mosquitoes breed during the warmer seasons.

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The female Anopheles is capable of laying up to 50 to 200 eggs on the surface the water, most especially on the surface of the water log area. After the egg has been laid, it will stay for few days and the egg will hatch and go into developmental stage like other mosquitoes do. The different between Anopheles larvae and other mosquitoes larvae is that Anopheles larvae do not have any breathing tubes, which make them to lie parallel to the surface for them to breath via spiracles, an holes that is located in their sides of the body.

Though, some other mosquitoes prefer to lay their egg on a dirty and stagnant water, in the case of Anopheles Mosquitoes it is different, they prefer clean, swamps, rice plantation field for their habitation and laying of their eggs. The Adult have the life cycle of 2 weeks to survive. During this survivor period they will be feeding on animal, human being bloods and also on any other warm blooded animals.

Malaria are transmit to human body through Anopheles mosquitoes that are vector of pathogen (parasite), which is the major cause of malaria. This parasites bugs are been transmitted through the mosquito saliva to the blood stream when they bite causing millions of deaths most especially in the tropical region of Africa.

Culex Mosquitoes

Culex is another specie of the Mosquitoes which is a strong carrier (Vector) for some diseases like member of arbovirus (West Nile Virus, St. Louis encephalitis, and Japanese encephalitis), avian malaria, filariasis. This specie of mosquitoes can be found across the world, excluding the high temperate region of the world where they cannot survive. This mosquito is very common in the United State Big cities. The size of Culex is measured 4 to 10mm. The way Culex Larvae flows on water is different from the way Anopheles mosquitoes flows. Anopheles larvae float horizontally on the surface of the water while, Culex Larvae float with its head immerse little in the water and only the siphon at the tail is exposed to the surface of the water.

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The lifecycle of Culex takes two weeks in warm weather. Culex is capable of laying upto 300 eggs in raft on the water surface like pools, water storage tank, buckets of water among other body of water. Their egg is always tiny, brownish in colour and joined to each with adhesion force. Culex is also dangerous specie of Mosquitoes that can transmit pathogens to the body system of any warm blooded animals like human being and other animals. There are also numbers of species of dangerous mosquitoes.

Aedes Mosquitoes.

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Aedes is the dangerous specie of Mosquito in the world. It lays eggs on moist soilsand also wet buckets. It could also be found in the subtropical and the tropical region of the world. It is well known with its aggressive biting which is very painful. It is a vector that transmit serious diseases like the Zika virus, dengue fever, Polynesia,chikungunya and also yellow fever which has caused the death of millions across the world. There are various species of Aedes Mosquitoes:
1.Aedes cinereus

1. Aedes Vexans
2. Aedes Polynesiensis
3. AedesCinereus
4. Aedes aegypti
5. Aedes japonicas
6. Aedes rusticus
7. Aedes albopictus
8. Aedes australis and other 600+ species.
   Aedes are very distinctive from other species of mosquitoes with their black and white spots on their bodies. They are very active in biting early in the morning to the evening before the dusk. They are capable of trabsmitting viral infections like Zikavirus, West Nile fever, Yellow fever, encephalitis among other serious viral infections.

How to Control Mosquitoes at Home

You can always control the activities of mosquitoes in your house or around you using natural control or biological methods. The followings are the steps to control mosquitoes at home or in the office:

1. Clear bushes around your environment
2. Clear any little logs of water around you to avoid mosquitoes using it as a laying ground.
3. Use insecticide to control mosquitoes
4. Setup treated mosquito net when at camp or even at home
5. Buy and use mosquito trap

Conclusion

Mosquitoes are dangerous insects that are capable of transmitting diseases to human being and warm blooded animals which may leads to serious illness. There are thousands of species of mosquitoes across the globe, but not all are very dangerous. Aedes mosquitoes is the most dangerous of them all with over 700 species of Aedes around the world. Also Anopheles, culex among others are also capable of transmitting dangerous diseases to the body like viral infections and malaria. To avoid and also reduce the activities of mosquitoes at home, at work, and in our environment, we need a proper measure to control their activities using either natural or biological method like clearing of bushy areas around you, insecticides, destroying their larvae, clearing of water logs around you, using mosquito net and also mosquitoes trap.

References

Mosquito
Mosquito-Borne Diseases
Mosquito World – Your Guide to Home Mosquito Control
How to Get Rid of Mosquitoes at Home in Nigeria

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