Electric Spark is a little theory

in #science6 years ago

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I want to share my thoughts about the electric spark. Of course you will find a lot of specialized literature and electrical spark research. But I want to tell you about it. I am interested in the process of education, the physics of what is happening.
The spark, as a rule, occurs during breakdown. There must be a situation when the distance between two electric sources (we call from the tips) becomes small and the force is sufficient to break it and create a channel for the flow of electric current.
Why is this happening. In fact, the place of breakdown is the electric capacity. The tips are the capacitor plates, which have a very small area. And the electricity accumulated on the tips - the plates is very large. It can be imagined as follows: at the initial moment, all electricity was distributed throughout the area of ​​the conductor, and at the ends, the same amount of electricity, but already concentrated on a much smaller area. Hence the density becomes very high. This can be called a lever - a thick wire, a small head, a thin end - a strong head. This pressure is sufficient to break the gap that did not break through earlier.
In the case of disconnection, the same thing happens. Since the contacts open, there is always a point of contact through which the final break of the chain will be. So this is the point, not the whole area, then there will be a spark.
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In the previous post, I wrote that to quench the spark you need a capacitor parallel to the unlocked contacts. The logic is simple, the severity of the rupture and the parallel capacity, we consider the total capacity. Naturally, capacity will increase, or in other words, the area of ​​contacts will increase. An increase in the area will mathematically lower the density of eoectrics at the contacts, which will facilitate a faster discontinuity and a lack of a spark. You are not tearing at one point, but immediately over the entire area of ​​contact.
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