Conductors and dielectrics

in #steemit6 years ago

Hello, welcome to my reader ....


[ Blue amber from Dominican Republic ](By Vassil - Own work, Public Domain, Link)

In the modern world, all bodies (or materials) are conventionally divided into conductors and dielectrics.
Conductors are those who conduct electric current, although they have resistance.

[ A polarized dielectric material ](By Papa November - self-made SVG version of Image:Dielectric.png, incorporating Image:Capacitor schematic.svg as its base., CC BY-SA 3.0, Link)
Dielectrics are materials that do not conduct an electric current, have a huge resistance, compared to conductors.
Strange picture is obtained, like a dielectric current does not hold, but being in a circuit, the circuit is considered closed. On the example of a capacitor, which consists of two plates and a dielectric between them. The plates are included in the general circuit. If the capacitor were a break, then the circuit would always be open. Of course physics claims that the capacitor conducts an electric current, but only if it is variable. But as I said before the alternating current, it is the same direct current, only very often changing direction, thereby constantly supporting the phases of current and decay increase. This, in turn, is the basis for the transformation of electrical properties and effects on elements not integrated into one chain, but located in the field of influence. Consequently, there is also a direct current, but at the very beginning, in the switching phase, the capacitor must conduct.


[ Benjamin Franklin Drawing Electricity from the Sky c. 1816 at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, by Benjamin West ](By uwE3TyGK4QGScg at Google Cultural Institute maximum zoom level, Public Domain, Link)
Let us digress a bit and turn to the history of the development of science and, in particular, the definitions of electrical phenomena. Even in Franklin's time and even earlier, I do not know for sure if it's interesting to look for information and share with us, all the bodies were conditionally divided into electrical and non-electrical ones. Electric is the body through which you can receive electricity. By name, you probably guessed, for example, amber, from which the name of the electron from the Greek language came to be.
It's very simple, all the bodies that we call dielectrics are actually sources of electricity. Having wiped amber with a rag, we make it electrically active. And this state can last indefinitely, under certain conditions. And in addition, with the help of the multiplication effect, we can constantly, copy this electricity. Using a method called an electrophore, to receive constant electricity, a very high potential. In sum, electrical bodies are bodies that are sources of electricity. It's not electric in our way, it's modern conductors, it's bodies that are not capable of creating electricity. And really, if you do not do with copper, you will not get anything. But such bodies do an excellent job of electricity, if it is to be brought to a distance.
Electrical bodies (materials) are dielectrics. They create, store electrical properties.
Not electrical bodies (materials) are conductors, they are not able to create and store (with one exception, if the shape of the body is a ball !!!) electricity.
Of course, with the help of conductors - metals, we can get electricity, for example, chemically, but in this case, the metal itself will be consumed, due to which the electrical properties appear. Amber does not change in any way, and constantly has an electrical property.
What is the difference between conductors and dielectrics. Dielectrics, electric bodies, have a structure that allows them, like a magnet, to store their electrical properties for a long time. Most likely this is due to the arrangement of atoms in the lattice of matter and relative to each other. Therefore, they can be brought into a certain state in which they will be located. Conductors are arranged differently, they can also be brought into a state electrically active, but they themselves are not able to support it (except for the shape of the ball !!!, remember this - perhaps it will help you understand the difference between electrical bodies and not electrical ones). But perfectly, practically without losses, so it has very little resistance, can transmit it over long distances.

I want to dwell on the shape of the body in the form of a ball. That allows not to become an electric body electric. I'll leave it until next time to have an opportunity to think about it.

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