ENGLISH GRAMMAR: Different Prepositions with Same Verb
"Certain verbs require prepositions in order to connect to their sentences’ objects. These combinations, known as prepositional verbs, allow the prepositions to act as necessary links between verbs and nouns or gerunds. The prepositions used in these combinations are sometimes called dependent prepositions."
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Prepositions-with-Verbs.htm
Multi-word Verbs
There are three kinds of multi-word verbs:
- Phrasal verbs. Phrasal verbs have two parts: The main verb and an adverb particle.
Phrasal Verbs
- Prepositional verbs
Image credit - Phrasal-prepositional verbs
('Phrasal-verbs' are sometimes used to refer to all three types of multi-verbs).
Multi-word verbs consist of a verb and one or two prepositions or particles; e.g., up, over, in, down. The most usual adverb-particles which are used to form phrasal-verbs are:
at, away, down, around, off, in, over, out, on, up, round.
We cannot easily guess some of the meanings of phrasal-verbs from their individual parts.
The meanings are in brackets.
E.g., "The plane took off on time". (flew into the air)
"It is difficult to hear what the speaker is saying". (understand/hear)
"The seminar went on until 19:00". (continued)
Phrasal-verbs are less formal than a single word with the same meaning. (frequently but not continually).
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Prepositional verbs always take a direct object - either a noun or gerund - after the preposition and cannot be separated by it. E.g., "Andries listens to Jazz music every morning before school." (This is correct, the prepositional verb is not separated and the object comes directly after the preposition).
Different Prepositions or Adverbs with the same Verb
- give up, surrender. [Having wreaked his vengeance, the murderer gave himself up to the police. The rich young man could not bring himself to give up all his possessions.]
- give in, yield. [If you give in to your cravings for sweets, you'll grow fat.]
- give away, expose. [In those words he gave himself away completely, and we saw him in his true colours.]
- set out, begin to travel. [At daybreak we set out for the game farm.]
- put out, annoy. [He was put out by his wife's laughing at him every time he made a blunder.]
- take away from, detract from. [His unpleasantness doesn't take away from the fact that he is right
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Multi-word verbs are verbs which consist of a verb and one or two particles or prepositions (e.g. up, over, in, down). There are three types of multi-word verbs: phrasal verbs, prepositional verbs and phrasal-prepositional verbs. Sometimes, the name ‘phrasal verb’ is used to refer to all three types.
Phrasal-verbs tend to be idiomatic and prepositional verbs use the literal meanings of verbs. The verb ask, does not change when it is combined with the preposition for, though it changes markedly when combined with the preposition out.
Verb Preposition Combinations
"Oliver asked for a lift." (The literal meaning of to ask is to inquire. Oliver inquired about a lift, making it a prepositional verb).
"Oliver asked Mary out." (Ask out means to invite someone on a date, making it an idiomatic phrasal verb).
Idioms & Phrasal Verbs
Phrasal Verbs with out
Sources:
English Grammar: EBH Joubert
English Grammar Today
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Prepositions-with-Verbs.htm
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/about-verbs/verbs-multi-word-verbs
The Farlex Grammar Book > English Grammar > Parts of Speech > Prepositions > Prepositions with Verbs
For a complete list of the most common phrasal verbs, see the Cambridge International Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs