The only things that work for us are a damage permit or an electric fence. We can get a permit to shoot five deer a month just for the asking. The permit is good day or night, so it is pretty easy work. It doesn't take long to thin out the herd and the smart ones will move on to another grazing spot.

The electric fence is probably more efficient in the long run. You can either make it really high so that the deer can't jump over it, or you can train them to be afraid of it. If they get a good shock the first night they will avoid it for a long time, even if it is easy to jump over.

The best way to train the deer is baiting the hot wires with little tags of aluminum foil smeared with peanut butter. When they come up to sniff the peanut butter the aluminum foil shocks them in the nose. It is an unforgettable experience.