Crop

in #animal6 years ago

There are general agronomic practices for field crops modification of these generalised practices.
SITE SELECTION
A successful production of crop starts with the choice of suitable site. Most crops require a well drained fertile soil. A field with level or fairly level topography is advantageous. This is because such a site can easily be mechanized. Operations like ploughing, harrowing, planting and use of mechanical harvester for harvesting operations are easy to carry out on a level terrain. To establish a crop on a site, one requires to have a knowledge of the previous history of the site. For example, growing a crop on a land that was previously infested with pathogens to which the crop to be grown is susceptible can be avoided by finding out the previous history of crop cultivation, pests and soil borne diseases on the land. The previous crop(s) grown on the land will. determine the fertility and therefore the productivity of the land. Generally cereals. do not follow one another because of carry over of pest from the residue of the previous crop and because of heavy nitrogen depletion on a field previously planted to a cereal crop.
LAND PREPARATION - Clearing and Tillage
Land clearing in the forested field involves removal of trees, stumping manually or with a bulldozer. In using a heavy machinery for land clearing, care must be taken to avoid damage to the top soil. The stubbles are packed to facilitate primary and secondary tillage operations Land clearing and tillage operations should be restricted to the top soil zone, that is, the agricultural soil without reaching the subsoil which is relatively poor in supporting good crop growth
Although good crop stands start with planting quality seed, the best seed will not produce optimum yield if other factors are not properly managed. Adequate land preparation that provide the appropriate environment for germination is important in establishing an optimum plant population. The soil for seeding must be worked to ensure .adequate soil-seed contact for good germination. The soil must have the right structure, texture and tilth for the crop. In addition to creating a suitable environment for germination, proper land preparation should eliminate all weeds, to facilitate good stand establishment.

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