Ernest Miller Hemingway

While preparing my article on the Ritz in Paris and discovering that they have one of the most famous bars in their hotel called the Hemingway bar, I thought to myself that besides its well-known name, I did not know who was exactly that man ... what about you?

For those interested, here is the link for the article on the Ritz in Paris:

https://steemit.com/hotel/@lndesta120282/ritz-paris-hotel

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Ernest Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois, USA, and died on July 2, 1961 in Ketchum, Idaho. He was a writer, a journalist, and an American war correspondent. He led an adventurer's life.
His writing style influenced the twentieth-century novel. He wrote most of his works between the mid-1920s and mid-1950s and in 1954 he won the Nobel Prize for Literature.

His novels met a great success with the public because of the veracity with which he portrayed his characters. Many of his works were elevated to classics of American literature. He has published seven novels, six collections of short stories and two non-fiction works during his lifetime. But also three novels, four collections of short stories and three non-fiction works have been published posthumously.

After leaving high school, he worked for a few months as a journalist, before leaving for the Italian front and becoming a paramedic during the First World War, which served as the foundation for his novel Farewell to Arms.
He was seriously injured and spent more than three months in the hospital. When he left, he joined the Italian army. In 1922, Hemingway married the first of his four wives and moved to Paris where he worked as a foreign correspondent.
He wrote his first novel, The Sun also rises in 1926.

After his first divorce he remarried but it was short-lived, he divorced after his return from Spain where he had covered the Spanish Civil War, which allowed him to write Pour qui sonne le glas.

He remarried a third time with Martha Gellhorn in 1940 but then left for his fourth and last wife Mary Welsh Hemingway after the Second World War, during which he was present on the day of the Normandy landings and the day of the liberation of Paris.

The publication of The Old Man and the Sea in 1952 earned him the Pulitzer Prize in 1953.
After receiving his award, Hemingway took part in a safari to Africa, where he was nearly killed in a plane crash that left him crippled and in poor health for much of the rest of his life.
Hemingway lived in Florida and Cuba during the 1930s and 1940s, but in 1959 he left Cuba for Ketchum, Idaho, where he committed suicide in the summer of 1961.

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To read

The sun also rises

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His first novel about sexual impotence was a risky choice. His detractors did not hesitate to launch a rumor: one could recognize the author in the anti-hero of this book.

The story is that of a band of friends, Americans settled in Paris. Between two trips to the bars, they attend bullfights in Pamplona. The narrator, Jack Barnes, loves beautiful lady Brett Ashley. Yet, with a cynicism imbued with masochism, he throws it into the arms of his suitors.

With a breathtaking maturity, Hemingway restores the climate of the Roaring Twenties, heals the realism of the dialogues, establishes from the outset a dramatic tension.
Qualified as an "immoral" book when it was released in 1926, men and women are drunk in every chapter, The sun rises too, has become a sign of recognition of the lost generation.

Farewell to arms

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This novel is the result of a painful experience lived ten years earlier by Hemingway on the Italian front, that of war.

The hero, Frédéric Henry, is an American paramedic hungry for purity, wounded during a mission. He lives a carnal passion with an English nurse, Catherine Barkley. An unusual love that will turn to pathetic. For Henry is misogynist and Catherine is blue.

It has been said of this book that it was a transposition of the story of Adam and Eve, the drama of the Fall. And a meditation on individual salvation.

Considered by many to be his greatest novel, it is the one that made him popular. Farewell to arms was banned in Italy by order of Mussolini and also in Boston, a sheriff having deemed it scandalous.

As soon as it was published in 1929, it sold 20,000 copies a month.

The book was adapted twice to cinema: in 1932 by Frank Borzage (with Gary Cooper) and in 1957 by Charles Vidor, with Rock Hudson and Jennifer Jones.

From whom the bell tolls

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War novel or romance novel? Published in 1940, after the victory of the Francoists, this poignant book tells the Spanish civil war as Hemingway himself experienced it. The hero, Robert Jordan, is an American Democratic activist, volunteer in the Republican army, charged with blowing up a bridge. Spanish fighters bring him their help. Among them, Pilar, a mistress, married to a good-for-nothing, and the young Maria, whom Jordan immediately falls in love with. The Francoists attack the maquis and nothing will happen as planned.

After being reconciled to death, its author realizes that every death concerns humanity. For the first time in his work, he experiences human solidarity, which reflects the ideals and the need for commitment of the intellectuals of the 1930s.
Hemingay's pessimism gives full force to this tragic story, to which he gives a spiritual perspective and an almost lyrical exaltation.

The adaptation of the novel became a classic film, thanks to the wonderful couple formed by Gary Cooper and Ingrid Bergman.

The old Man and the Sea

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Hemingway's latest novel, The Old Man and the Sea is a tale. Everyone knows the story of old Santiago and young Manolin, who went fishing off Cuba. They do not catch anything and then ferret a giant swordfish. He resists them for three days and ends up devoured by sharks. Some have seen a theme close to that of Moby Dick Herman Melville: the fight of man against God. Morality, however, is that of a calm man. This spiritual quest, Hemingway carried in him during his thirty years to hunt down the bulk in the Caribbean Sea.

It may be necessary to look for the genesis of the book in the childhood of the writer, who learned to fish with a certain Vollie Fox, famous for catching, one day, a gigantic pike, nicknamed The Fish.

This ultimate masterpiece earned Hemingway the Pulitzer Prize in 1953 and the Nobel Prize. Spencer Tracy played the old man in John Sturges' adaptation in 1958.

Complete news

The news of Hemingway was collected in France in 1999. That was a good thing because Hemingway was also an excellent novelist.

The major American magazines of his time were tearing up his short stories. Hollywood also, which adapted several, including The killers and the snow of Kilimanjaro. This complete collection contains seventy-eight short stories, among which the most famous: The adventures of Nick Adams (his double of paper) and A clean and well-lit place, which he considered himself as his best news. In addition, there are notes, fragments, letters and especially unpublished ones found after his death.

Paris is a party

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It is a posthumous work chronicling the literary beginnings of the writer, considered by some as one of his best stories.

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