日本寺 - 寬永寺, Japanese Temple - Kan'ei-ji

这次，我会在东京介绍Kan'ei-ji。

This time, I will introduce Kan'ei-ji in Tokyo.

大家好，我是@ edwardcha888

Hello everyone, I am @edwardcha888

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嗨，我的朋友steemit！ 昨天我忘了我的密码，我再次注册。

今天我会介绍Kan'ei-ji。

我今天很开心，因为我加入了Stimet家族。

我住在日本，想介绍日本的寺庙。

请小心我，因为我今天成为一个大家庭^ ^

谢谢~

Hello everyone, I am @ edwardcha888
Hi, my friend steemit! Yesterday I forgot my password and I registered again
Today I will introduce Kan'ei-ji.
I am very happy today because I joined the Stimet family.
I live in Japan and want to introduce the temple of Japan.
Please be careful of me, because today I am a big family ^ ^
Thank you~

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寬永寺, Kan'ei-ji [ 资料来源：百科全书, Source: Encyclopedia]

寬永寺（日語：寛永寺）- 位於日本東京都台東區的上野，為天台宗關東總本山的所在地，主要供奉藥師如來，寺內擁有的三尊木造的藥師佛像被日本政府指定為重要的文化財產。寬永寺的創立者是德川家光，由第一任住持天海在1625年所建造。因為在寬永年間開始建造，所以被稱為寬永寺，寬永寺也是德川家的菩提寺之一。江戶時代十五位大將軍中，總共有六位被埋葬在寬永寺。十七世紀中期以後，歷代住持開始由皇族擔任，日光山與比叡山被當成天台宗的本山。寬永寺原先的範圍是在現在不忍池及上野站的地區。不忍池及位在中央小島上的辯天堂是為了模仿琵琶湖及湖中央的竹生島。原本人們只能搭船前往辯天堂，後來才建造一座石橋讓人們可以步行前往。辯天堂曾在第二次世界大戰時被摧毀，後來才再度重建。

許多寺廟曾在1657年的明曆大火時被燒毀， 後來一座新的寺廟於1698年建造在寬永寺的附近。寬永寺原本附加伽藍的建築幾乎在慶應4年（1868年）爆發的上野戰爭中（屬於戊辰戰爭）被完全摧毀[7]，後來也沒有復原。

Kan'ei-ji Temple (Japanese: Wo Yong Temple) - Ueno, located in Taitung District, Tokyo, Japan, is the seat of the total mountain of Kanto, the main part of Tateyama, which is mainly served by the pharmacist, and the statue of three statues owned by the temple is designated as an important culture by the Japanese government property. The founder of the temple is Tokugawa light, built by the first abbot of the sea in 1625. Because it was built in the wide Yongnian year, it was called the wide temple, and the wide temple was one of the Bodhi temples of Tokugawa. During the Edo period, fifteen generals were buried in the wide church. After the middle of the seventeenth century, the abbot began to be served by the royal family, the sun and the mountain is like a mountain of the mountain. It is area that we can not bear pool and Ueno station now. And the paradise on the central island is to imitate Lake Biwa and the center of the lake. Originally people can only take a boat to debate heaven, and later built a stone bridge so that people can walk to. The Paradise was destroyed during the Second World War and was rebuilt later.

Many temples were burned in the wake of the Ming dynasty in 1657, and a new temple was built in 1698 near the wide temple. The building of the Khan Monastery, originally attached to the Galanas, was completely destroyed in the Ueno War (which belongs to the Pentecostal War), which was almost destroyed in 4 years (1868), and was later restored.

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上野恩賜公園內的清水觀音堂

舊寬永寺五重塔（重要文化財）

不忍池與辯天堂

大佛山塔

上野大佛（只剩在脸上）

弁天堂

时钟

旧本坊表門（輪王寺所在、重要文化財）

厳有院霊廟勅額門（重要文化財）

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上野戰爭, Ueno war

日本文學專家愛德華·山第斯笛卡（Edward Seidensticker）曾在書中描述寬永寺的在戰爭遭受破壞的過程。

Japanese literature expert Edward Seidensticker described in the book the process of the destruction of the Kuang Yong Temple in the war.

在戊辰戰爭中，擁護天皇的軍隊佔領大部分的東京及江戶城後，雖然大部分的德川軍隊紛紛投降，但是有一支駐守在上野的軍隊仍然打算抵抗到底。這支軍隊大約有2,000人，由彰義隊（德川幕府組成的軍隊）的成員所組成。他們挾持寬永寺的住持，這可能導致長州藩及薩摩藩的軍隊沒有立刻攻擊寬永寺的原因。

In the Buchi war, the majority of the Tokugawa army surrendered after the army of the emperor occupied most of Tokyo and the city of Edo, but there was a stationed in Ueno's army still intended to resist. There are about 2,000 people in this army, composed of members of the army of the Yukio team (Tokugawa shogunate). They hijacked the abbot of the temple, which could lead to the fact that the army of the Chancheng and Satsuma did not immediately attack the cause of the wide temple.

最後的戰鬥從1868年7月4日上午展開，在激烈的戰鬥後，長州藩及薩摩藩的軍隊從南邊的黑門（靠近現在上野公園的入口）攻破彰義隊的防守。大部分的守軍（大約300名）在戰鬥中喪生。而寬永寺也在大砲的攻擊下與數千棟房屋被火焚毀，只有清水觀音堂、東照宮、五重塔及大佛殿未遭受波及。寬永寺的住持則化妝逃走，並搭船離開東京。

The final battle began on the morning of July 4, 1868, after the fierce fighting, the army of the Chancellor of the Ch'ing and Satsuma was attacked by the black gate of the south (near the entrance to the Ueno Park). Most of the defenders (about 300) were killed in the battle. And wide Yong Temple is also under the attack of the cannon with thousands of houses were burned, only the water Guanyin Church, Dongzhao Palace, five towers and the Buddha did not suffer. The abbot of the wide temple is the make-up escape and leaves the boat to leave Tokyo.

大部份德川家的靈廟後來在第二次世界大戰中遭到破壞。

Most of the Tokugawa's temple was destroyed in the Second World War.

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根本中堂

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历史, history

德川家為了建造一個具有影響力的宗教中心，於是建造仿造比叡山的延曆寺來建造寬永寺。元和8年（1622年）時，江戶幕府第2代將軍德川秀忠與當時的天台宗高僧天海發願興建一座大寺院，並捐獻土地準備開始建造寬永寺。寬永2年（1625年），第3代將軍德川家光在現在的東京國立博物館的原址興建了僧侶的住所。因為京都有比叡山鎮守，為了與比叡山相對，所以寬永寺山號取為東叡山。

Tokugawa family in order to build an influential religious center, so the construction of imitation than the mountain of the extension of the temple to build wide temple. Yuan and 8 years (1622), the Edo shogunate second generation generals Tokugawa Hideyoshi and then the rooftop monk days of the sea was willing to build a large monastery, and donated land ready to begin construction of wide Yong Temple. Wide and two years (1625), the third generation generals Tokugawa home light in the present Tokyo National Museum site to build a monk's residence. Because Kyoto has more than Rui Shan guard, in order to compare with the Rui Shan, so wide Yong Temple Hill as Dongrui Hill.

天海於寬永20年（1643年）去世後，弟子公海繼任寬永寺的住持，而他的繼承者則是後水尾天皇第3皇子守澄法親王（1654年開始擔任住持）。從此，寬永寺的住持都是由天皇的兒子或姪子來擔任，因此寬永寺也被尊稱為「輪王寺宮」。
元祿11年（1698年），在第5代將軍德川綱吉的時候，相當於現在的上野公園大噴水池的地方，寬永寺的正殿上的中堂建造完成。

After the death of the sky in 20 years (1643), the disciples Gonghai successively the abbot of the wide Yong Temple, and his successor is the post-Shuiwei emperor 3 prince prince Prince (in 1654 began to serve). Since then, the abbot of the wide temple is the emperor's son or son to serve, so the wide temple is also known as the "King Temple Temple."
Yuan Lu 11 years (1698), in the 5th generation generals Tokugawa Kyoko time, the equivalent of the current Ueno Park where the big fountain, wide Yong Temple Temple on the main building built.

現在上野公園的區域就位在原本寬永寺的範圍內。在極盛時期，寺廟面積甚至是現在上野公園的2倍。

Now Ueno Park area is located in the original wide Yong Temple area. During the heyday, the temple area was even twice as much as the Ueno Park.

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我最近的帖, My recent posts

日本寺 - 淺草寺, Japanese Temple - Sensō-ji
https://steemit.com/cn/@edwardcha888/japanese-temple-sens-ji
日本寺 -东大寺, Japanese Temple - Tōdai Ji
https://steemit.com/cn/@edwardcha888/japanese-temple-t-dai-ji
日本寺 - 飛鳥寺, Japanese Temple - Asuka-dera
https://steemit.com/cn/@edwardcha888/japanese-temple-asuka-dera
日本寺 京都 - 清水寺, Japanese Temple Kyoto - Kiyomizu-dera
https://steemit.com/cn/@edwardcha888/japanese-temple-kyoto-kiyomizu-dera
日本寺 京都 - 慈照寺, Japanese Temple Kyoto - Jishō-Ji
https://steemit.com/cn/@edwardcha888/japanese-temple-kyoto-jish-ji
日本寺 京都 - 鹿苑寺, Japanese Temple Kyoto - Rokuonji
https://steemit.com/cn/@edwardcha888/japanese-temple-kyoto-rokuonji

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请期待下一篇文章〜

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