WHAT IS THE GOMOSIS THAT CAUSES IT AND HOW CAN WE COMBAT IT?

Hello friends of the farm in this entry we will know the gummosis its cause and how we can avoid it. The gummosis is a non-specific condition in which the sap drips from a wound in the tree. It usually occurs when the tree has a perennial or bacterial canker, or is attacked by some kind of caterpillar (drill). However, the gummosis can also be caused by any wound in a stone fruit tree, including damage caused by the winter weather (frost, snow), damage caused by diseases or simply the damage caused by a gardening tool. If you observe that from your peach tree, plum, cherry or apricot tree (damask) a kind of gummy sap spills, your plant is probably affected by gum disease.

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CAUSES OF GOMOSIS IN THE FRUIT TREE
The fruit trees have their life cycle. Among the main causes of death is the attack of a fungus called Phytophthora, which enters the tree through wounds, bruises, or any other sensitive area, producing gummosis.
Among the factors that can give rise to the gummosis is the presence of insect bacteria and the aforementioned fungi. But the disease can also be related to an excess of humidity or ponding, insufficient fertilization, improperly made grafts, generating wounds without sealing properly, where after the infection of the gummosis will penetrate, insufficient or inappropriate fertilization, etc.
The trees that are infected are recognizable by their appearance of decay and their absence of generalized vigor. When this happens, the leaves offer what is called chlorosis in their central nerves. However, in the first steps of the infection it is not easy to visualize the symptoms. It will be with the passage of time and the advance of the gummosis when the exudations of the gummy matter begin to appear, with a greater or lesser intensity depending on the particular conditions of the tree and also on the environment.
It occurs when there is radicular asphyxia, fungal attack or massive insect attacks on the weakest parts of the tree, causing wounds where they sneak. It is a defense that the tree acquires but at the same time it is harming itself by drying part of its branches and leaves.

THERE ARE FOUR POSSIBLE CAUSES THAT WE CAN AVOID

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-ATTACK OF FUNGI IN THE ROOTS: The fungi that usually attack the roots of our trees is due to the large amount of moisture and abundant irrigation, take advantage of the weakness of these and penetrate more easily, try to control the risks of contaste but not in abundance. There are numerous types of product to combat this type of fungus.

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-EXCESS OF WATER IN THE ROOTS: Try to put a solution to the ponding with this will prevent the above mentioned thing from happening.

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-HONGO MONILIA: This fungus is released by spores, fall in spring on the small wounds of the trees and their branches and reproduces in those small cracks where the resin sprouts. There are numerous producers to combat this type of fungus.

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-INSECTS ATTACK: There are numerous predatory insects of our trees such as drills or borers on the branches and their trunks, chemical products are needed to kill these insects otherwise the problem can be increased.

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THE PREVENTION OF GOMOSIS
The main cause of this disease is the provocation of wounds in the bark of the tree. So any action you can take to prevent bark wounds will also help with the prevention of gummosis.
-Avoid root asphyxia, providing more organic matter so that the soil is more porous.
-Control insect pests
-Avoid that the land be compacted.
-Avoid the puddles (if the water does not filter within 20 minutes, we have this problem).

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-We must be careful in the pruning season to make the cuts well and protect the wounds with healing to prevent the emergence of gummosis
-Correct fertilizer to prevent excess nitrogen from attracting pests to our trees.
-Make sure that our soil is sufficiently porous to avoid puddles, as we said before we must water and check that the water is filtered before 15 minutes.
-After a pruning or grafting treat the scars properly.

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HOW TO HEAL THE TREE
There are several alternatives: -The sooner you detect the problem, the greater the probability that you can save the tree. When the gummosis arises because of a wound in the trunk or the branches of fruit trees, it is best to proceed to a good cleaning of the area and those wounds, to eradicate the agents that cause them and get a good disinfection of area.
-If we carry out the recommended treatment steps and select an effective market product, in a short period of time the indentations will remain, already in the form of a scar, but the rubbery material will no longer survive. In addition, the tissues of the infected contour will be developed more and more, with the effect of covering these wounds, which will help to solve the disease

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-Other option when the tree is damaged we can do a series of steps to try to cure it. With a disinfected knife we ​​will remove the dark sap crust, until it is a lighter color. Apply a healing treatment on the affected area. Repeat the process for 15 days until the tree is cured.

Obviously you must sterilize the pruning tools very well before and after doing this task. Once this is done, let the area dry. Keep checking the area and repeat the bark trimming if necessary.

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Then you will apply a fungicide based on copper or Bordeaux broth on the wounds. You can apply this with a pincelito. As a precaution, forward, apply systemic fungicides based on copper or Bordeaux broth in autumn and spring before flowering.

SOURCE:
https://www.agroptima.com/es/blog/como-afecta-gomosis-en-frutales/
http://www.lahuertinadetoni.es/la-gomosis-en-los-arboles-frutales/
https://cosasdeljardin.com/como-hacer-un-huerto-organico/control-de-plagas-y-enfermedades/

I hope you found the article useful.