Personality orientation: worldview, need-motivation sphere, value system. Norms and ideals. /part 4/

These three components contain within themselves the beginnings of mechanisms from the three spheres of the psyche: the cognitive - the intentions, the volition - the aspirations and the emotional - the tendencies. All three components are characterized by insufficient awareness. After becoming aware of the need and transforming the incentives into motives, and once the personality has focused on satisfying the need, the above-mentioned components of the component - intentions, aspirations, aspirations - continue to act in the whole course of satisfying the need in the course of its mechanisms.

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These second-tier components play the role of feedback and remind the person that they may fail, they give rise to doubt, and at the same time correct the actions of the person, giving their action once they have finished and the mechanism of satisfying the need. Interests can be classified by different signs. According to their content, they reflect different realms of being and are as diverse as spheres, professions, and fields of knowledge. Depending on how the goal is achieved, they are mediated and immediate. According to their breadth they are narrow and wide, and according to their degree of sustainability they are stable and variable. In the mechanisms of the motivation process, interests take the lead. Thanks to them, the satisfaction of needs is accelerating, thanks to which the mechanism of satisfying needs flows in a positive emotional light. Interests cut to some extent the stages in meeting needs.

Thus, they become the drivers of behavior and a significant component of human activity in meeting its needs. Pricing orientations - it is generally accepted that the value orientation, the value attitude characterizes the personality. Value orientations contain two interrelated aspects: - objectively-content-characterizing this content, that realm of reality that is most relevant to the subject; - subjectively-personal - reflecting the peculiarities of self-image, of its "self", which is referred to as "self-image". As for the objectively-content aspect of the values, there are almost no disputes, though one person is valuable for one person and another is valuable to another. In existence there are as many values ​​as objectively and subjectively real / images, needs, desires, etc. / things exist, that is, if, on the one hand, we order figuratively things in the being and on the other hand, people with their value attitude to things and trying to see this phenomenon from a historical point of view should assume the setting for the diversity of values, because if one man has his own circle of values, then another person has another circle, which circles partially cross or do not coincide, but in the end all things from being will find their place in the minds of all people that existed and exist now.

This fact is overcome by the formulation of the criteria in the values. In Marxist literature, this question is clarified by the statement that it is valuable that responds to, and is in harmony with, the public interests and that individual values ​​are ultimately truncated and corrected by the general for the class, building society. In interpreting the values, the question of transforming personification into personalities deserves greater attention.By their nature and place in personal development, values ​​go beyond their place in the needs chain and begin to play a corrective role in shaping new needs in man. In this aspect, they are inseparable from beliefs and the worldview. A person is a person when he has reached a certain level of psychological development.

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part 1

part 2

part 3