Psychological paradigms in the 20th century. Forecasts for the development of psychology. /part 16/
The main problems in psychology are: they can be reduced to a few basic ones, namely: creating an adequate theory of the structure of the human psyche and the psychic structure of the personality; creating a theory of motivation of the human personality and behavior - studying the psychodynamics of the personality; creating a theory for forming a new behavioral and cognitive experience - taking into account psychological theories about education and upbringing; forming a theoretical idea of the behavior and thinking of man in norm and non-psychology - psychopathology; creating a stereotype of theoretical-applied, applied and psychotherapeutic methods for change and correction of the personality.
There are two opposing views about the future of psychology in literature, influenced by optimism and pessimism. According to the advocates of pessimism, psychology is now, as it is before, in a state of crisis that will be increasingly clear in the future. Assumptions are that psychology will be divided into more and more branches developed in separate schools, and will be absorbed by sciences such as physiology, neurology and sociology. As a result, he will lose his self-standing position among science, disappear as an academic discipline, and help develop a very practical discipline based on psychology without being psychological. American Ward Edwards believes that psychology will disappear as an academic discipline, but many practical disciplines will be developed that will lose their identification with psychology.
Another author, Lazarus, thinks clinical psychology is confused and inconsistent due to the existence of hundreds of different psychological schools and systems that are freely existing. Most clinical psychologists will, over time, have the same scientific status as today's frenologists. Optimists are at the other extreme. Colombian author Ardila points out the following features of development to psychology: Highlighting on the scientific side of psychology; Greater emphasis between the relationship of society and psychology; Better application of mathematical models in psychological science; By thorough study of complex problems; Expansion of professional activity; Integration of psychology in connection with the unifying paradigm. Another author, Proshanski, points out about the future the following innovations: A serious concern with content rather than general processes; Studies where time and place are critical determinants;