Hasan bey Zardabi
In the life of Hasan bey, a historic event that determines his future life takes place. So, in 1869, with a great difficulty, he was appointed a historian of nature for the Baku Realni gymnasium. Thus, a new era in his life - enlightenment, education of the people, the struggle for education in the mother tongue begins. However, the difficulty was that Hasan Bey was the only Azerbaijanian educated in the Gymnasium, who worked at the time in the Caucasus. There were no Azerbaijani students either. Hasan bey was not tired of propaganda among the people to attract Azerbaijani children to school. One day, one of the boys, who agreed to give a blacksmith child to school, made him a gymnasium. However, the boy complained to Hasan bey, who had difficulty getting a note book, and reprimanded him for this. He advised the smith, "Sell your prisoner's garment and dress your clothes, but read your son." In fact, he wanted to teach the Azerbaijanis to spend money on the education of his son ... Hasan bey returned to Baku after a long time, and his son was a prominent doctor with higher education. Farhad Aghazadeh wrote in his memoirs about H.Zardabi in 1925 that he was in his teens.
Another interesting story is from the memory of Garibsolta, the daughter of Hasan Bey. One day, a son of Seyidov from Guba asked him to help him read the book "Kaspi" to Hasan Bey. Talking to a boy, Hasan bey called him "Lomonosov of Azerbaijan" with jokes and brought him home. She lives in Hasan bey's house for more than 10 years and is currently studying at the school as a well-known lawyer.
Such facts are hundreds. Generally, Hasan bey was concerned about the involvement of poor and orphaned children in education and their assistance in their education. For the first time in 1872, he had created "Society Charity" in Baku. The entire year of that year, Hasan bey Zardabi was engaged in writing a member of the Public Charity, along with Najaf bey Vezirov and Asgaraga Adigozalov (Gorani) pupils studying in the gymnasium, surrounding the towns and villages of Azerbaijan. During the trip, 1600 manats were deposited into the bank and the income of two poor and helpless pupils was ensured. At the same time, Hasan bey, who is one of the officers, constitutes the public's boarding house. However, it is necessary to find an educated Turkish (female) female teacher to deal with the education of poor and orphaned children ...
Hasan bay Zardabi reads the name of a Muslim girl named Hanifa Aslan bey queen Abayeva in the Qafqaz newspaper in 1872 in the list of girls who graduated from the Tbilisi Siberian Nina Women's Gymnasium. He travels to Tiflis to get acquainted with that girl. Hasan Bey finds her daughter and likes to marry her. Balkar daughter, Hanifa Khanim, one of the Turkic peoples living in the North Caucasus, welcomes her pleasant proposal. The kebab is cut by the mullahs invited to the school. Hassan bey, for the first time among the Muslims, laid the foundations for the marriages of independent marriages and marriages without parents' consent.
Returning to Baku with a trained young lady, Hasan bey entrusts Hanifa Khan to two orphaned and poor children in her home. Soon the number of children is increased to 10. However, due to the decline in the number of donors, "Society-charity" should be closed after 2 years.
Hasan bey searches ways to help poor children studying in the gymnasium, and finally finds one of them ... When he was working in Tbilisi, Mirza Fatali Akhundzadeh, one of two great Turkologists in Russia (Ziya Gökalp), presented a book of comedies to Hasan bey. Hasan Bey's leadership and organizing "Haci Kara" in 1873 in the hall of the gymnasium with the help of his pupils Najaf bey Vazirov and Asgaraga Goranin (both gymnasiums graduated from Moscow Agricultural Academy). The collected materials are directed to the pupil's tuition fees. Hassan bay Zardabi has forged a glorious page of the history of Azerbaijani culture - the first professional Azerbaijani national theater.
However, the fact that the Muslims did not come to the theater is a necessity for Hasan Bey to seek funds for helping poor and homeless people by other means. As a result, the idea of opening a newspaper in the mother tongue is upheld. Hasan bey Zardabi explains the reasons for the emergence of the newspaper "Ekinchi" in his article titled "The First Turkish Newspaper in Russia" published in "Hayat" newspaper:
"If there is not a union in the world, no community work will be done, because our former society did not hold a charity building, because the theater room was empty, it became clear that our Muslim brothers would gather together, open schools in the periphery, and steal the children left in the streets and markets. it is not possible to go around this time, and in our place, our neighbors are studying science day after day, and they have our own property ...
What should we do? I do not want to call everyone, I do not see, I say no. Finally, I saw that there was no other way to summon them and to tell them. No, none of those who hear my word have a wing!
There is nothing wrong with bringing it to the newspaper, so that the right words on the paper can reach windows in those windows. Nevertheless, let the right word remain. Each year, one reads ten newspapers, and every year their number grows ... Then it becomes clear that the hostility of the enemy, the friendliness of a friend and the right path to the friend are correct ... "
Thus, Hasan Bey Zardabi, who understands the value of the major newspaper for the enlightenment of the nation, is pleased to accept the publication of the newspaper after intense struggles and numerous correspondence. On July 22, 1875, the first Azerbaijani newspaper in its native language was published with the financial support of the younger brother of Abbasgulu Agha Bakikhanov, Major-General of the Russian Army Abdulla bey Bakikhanov. Thus, Hasan bey is honored to become one of the "first" ones - the foundation of national press. It should be said that the newspaper was not given a random name. It would be a mistake to think that the newspaper would be agricultural. Under that name was a deep and great symbolic meaning, a broad and comprehensive action program. The main purpose of publishing the newspaper was to educate the mind, science, culture and culture of the people, especially in the hearts and minds of their compatriots. In other words, enlightenment could be the biggest challenge for the educator, the fertile field consciousness of the indifference, ignorance of ignorance and ignorance, and the mass of an ignorant people.
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