Types Of Tree Species In Indonesia #28 Kelengkeng (Dimocarpus Longan)

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Sapindales

Family: Sapindaceae

Genus: Dimocarpus

Species: Dimocarpus longan

Plant kelengkeng (Dimocarpus longan) is a type of perennial plant with a fairly large root system, strong logs, and very deep roots. The longan tree can grow to be large and branched a lot. The leaves are compound leaf species, where each stalk has three to six pairs of leaves.

The tree, can reach 12 m, low branching stem, round leaf crown, brown stem color. Finally, fined leaves, 20-30 cm long, sitting intermittently, consisting of 2-5 leaflets that are 7-15 cm long and 3-6 cm wide with elliptical shapes to tapered or dull, smooth no hairy, shiny dark green color. Fruit round, diameter 2.5 cm, yellow or reddish brown, skin covered with flat nodules. Large seeds, round, black or glossy black, clear white flesh, sweet and juicy.

Its origins from the South China region and its use more to its usefulness as a medicine, not as a fruit table (Triwinata 2006), this fruit is known as Dragon Eye (Menzel et al., Nakasone and Paull, 1998). From South China, the plant is then developed into the regions of Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Indonesia (Usman 2006). In Indonesia, longan grows well in areas with altitude between 300-900 m above sea level (Rahardja, 1983). Longan requires cold temperatures to spur flowering between 5-22 ° C (Verheij and Coronel, 1992).

Leaves of longan leaves with leaf bones pinnate with leaves of compound leaf, on one stalk there are several leaves arranged in front. The flower of plant kelengkeng has 5 crowns, with full flower type and compound type, that is in one bunch there are many flowers.Seeds of turtles are black with type 2 seeds.