Different types of cameras

Image source

The phone camera

Phone cameras

Advantages:

• Can easily be carried around
• Easy to use
• Most (or these days all) phones has a camera, which encourages people to take photos.
• Technology improves a lot and there are already phones with 10MP cameras and 3x zoom lenses. (If not better)

Disadvantages:

• Lense are wide angle and fixed focus.  Wide images captures everything.
• Limited creativity
• Very small sensors - which means too much noise on the images.

The compact camera

Compact cameras

With compact cameras there are a lot to choose from.  They are much cheaper but there are also more expensive models available.  These compact cameras are also easy to use and they also take nice pictures.  

Advantages:

• More expensive models can take good quality photos
• Can take photos on the manual function too
• Can take videos
• Not as expensive as a dSLR camera
• Easily transported and stored

Disadvantages:

• Cheaper models gets noise on the images because of the small sensors
• Can't capture detail where there are lots of contrast.
• Shutter does not react fast enough which means the photos are captured slower.

The bridge camera

Bridge cameras- lenses cannot be changed 

The bridge camera is very close to the dSLR camera and forms the "bridge" between the compact and the dSLR camera.

It has a fixed lens which cannot be changed or replaced, but it has a strong zoom lens, for example: 10x (30 -300mm) or 15x (30 - 450mm)

Manual functions can be changed with the hand and it gives the photographer the opportunity to be more creative and to experiment.  This camera also allows you to take videos.

Disadvantages:

• Smaller sensor which means more noise on the images.
• Sensor is 8x6mm
• dSLR sensor is 22x16mm and bigger
• Photos can be printed up to the size A3

The dSLR

An example of a dSLR camera- the lens can be changed

dSLR means digital single reflex and is referred to the fact that the camera uses a mirror when a photo is taken.

Advantages:

• Lenses can be changed or replaced.
• Through the viewfinder you will be able to see the picture as it will be when it is taken.
• Bigger sensor
• Faster shutter
• Photos have practically no noise on the image even if a higher ISO is used, because of the sensor.
• Photos are good quality
• Photos can be printed A3+
• Also allows you to take videos.

Lenses:

Different types of lenses

Wide angle lenses (10 - 20mm) up to (100 -400mm) can be used on the dSLR cameras.  The same camera is used, just with different lenses every time.

Lenses can be quite expensive, but the quality and cost is up to the photographer.