Song of the Day: Introduction et allegro pour harpe, flûte, clarinette et quatuor à cordes (1905), by Maurice Ravel (1875-1937)

in #songoftheday5 years ago (edited)

"Introduction et allegro pour harpe, flûte, clarinette et quatuor" de Maurice Ravel (1875-1937), tem uma curiosa história que envolve a livre concorrencia empresarial entre duas empresas construtoras de Harpa. Pleyel e Maison Érard.

Em 1904 a empresa Pleyel encomendou uma obra a Claude Debussy (1862-1918) para promover sua nova harpa cromatica. Nascia assim "Danse Sacrée et Danse Profane", para harpa e orquestra, frequentemente apresentada com o instrumento solista e quarteto de cordas.

Em contrapartida, Maison Érard não ficou para trás. E ecomendou uma obra para o instrumento para Ravel compor. Foi uma peça escrita rapidamente, antes do compositor realizar um passeio de barco num feriado com os amigos.

A principio não deu muita importancia a esta obra, inclusive não a mencionou em sua autobiografia, referindo-se a ela em apenas duas cartas. No entanto é uma de suas peças para pequenas formações mais tocadas, e sua primeira do genero de camara a ser gravada.

Escrita em Sol bemol Maior, é considerada a primeira música a explorar todos os recursos que o instrumento oferece.

Com a duração de 10 minutos e 30 segundos, a Introdução dura 26 compassos, até 1:55 desta gravação com a harpista indiana Skaila Kanga. Sem pausas para o inicio do Allegro, escrito na forma sonata com modificações, temos aqui o primeiro tema exposto pela harpa. Aos 3:13 o segundo tema é exposto pelos instrumentos de sopro com acompanhamento em pizzicato das cordas. Em seguida entra uma variação do tema da introdução, aos 3:47, em andamento lento.

O desenvolvimento é feito sobre o segundo tema aos 4:46. Em alguns momentos podemos ouvir os dois temas sobrepostos, como aos 5:50 de duração. Aos 6:37 temos uma cadencia da harpa, em que retoma o tema da introdução em seu solo, e explora os recursos tecnicos do instrumento. O primeiro tema retorna na recapitulação em 8:43 após a entrada do conjunto instrumental aos 8:23. Em 9:13 temos a recapitulação do segundo tema, com a coda realizada sobre ele a partir dos 9:45 que nos leva para o final desta audição.

A estréia oficial ocorreu em 22 de fevereiro de 1907 no Circle Music Hall da Sociedade Francesa de Fotografia em Paris. Nesta execução da "Academy of St. Martin-in-the-Fields Chamber Ensemble" temos Skaila Kanga na harpa, William Bennett (flauta), Andrew Marriner (clarinete), Kenneth Sillito, e Malcolm Latchem (violinos), Stephen Shingles (viola), e Denis Vigay (violoncelo)

Espero que gostem =D

Um grande abraço
Guilherme Faquetti
11 de fevereiro de 2019

"Introduction and Allegro for Harpe, Flûte, Clarinette et Quatuor" by Maurice Ravel's (1875-1937) has a curious history that involves free enterprise competition between two Harpa construction companies. Pleyel and Maison Érard.

In 1904 the company Pleyel commissioned a work to Claude Debussy (1862-1918) to promote his new chromatic harp. It was born the "Danse Sacrée et Danse Profane", for harp and orchestra, frequently presented with the solo instrument and string quartet.

On the other hand, Maison Érard was not far behind. And he ordered a piece for the instrument for composing Ravel. It was a play quickly written, before the composer took a boat trip on a holiday with his friends.

At first he did not give much importance to this work, nor even mentioned it in his autobiography, referring to it in only two letters. However it is one of his pieces for small formations most touched, and his first of the genre of camera to be recorded.

Written in Flat B-flat major, it is considered the first song to explore all the features that the instrument offers.

With a duration of 10 minutes and 30 seconds, the Introduction lasts 26 bars, until 1:55 of this recording with the Indian harpist Skaila Kanga. Without pauses for the beginning of the Allegro, written in sonata form with modifications, we have here the first subject exposed by the harp. At 3:13 the second theme is exposed by the wind instruments with accompaniment in pizzicato of the strings. Then a variation of the introduction theme, at 3:47, slowly.

The development is realized about the second theme at 4:46. At times we can hear the two overlapping themes, such as 5:50 of duration. At 6:37 we have a harp cadence, in which he takes up the theme of the introduction on his solo, and explores the technical features of the instrument. The first theme returns in the recapitulation at 8:43 after the instrumental set comes in at 8:23. In 9:13 we have recapitulation of the second theme, with the coda performed on it from 9:45 which brings us to the end of this audition.

The official premiere took place on February 22, 1907 at the Circle Music Hall of the French Photography Society in Paris.In this performance of the Academy of St. Martin-in-the-Fields Chamber Ensemble we have Skaila Kanga on the harp, William Bennett (flute), Andrew Marriner (clarinet), Kenneth Sillito, and Malcolm Latchem (violins), Stephen Shingles (viola), and Denis Vigay)

I hope you enjoy = D

A great hug
Guilherme Faquetti
February 11, 2019

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