有趣的数学【09】:难得糊涂

in #steempress5 years ago

在数学的代数中,这个代数,可以是一个变量数字,也可以是一个算式。

我们来看这样一道题:
已知a是方程x²+4x-2 = 0的一个根,求算式2a²+8a-9的值。

解:
既然a是方程的根,将a带入方程,可得:
a²+4a-2 = 0;
这样,就可以求出a的值:
a = -2 ± √6.

但是,如果把这个无理数的值带入到2a²+8a-9中去计算,是很复杂的。

我们来看看有没有简便方法:

2a²+8a-9 = 2(a²+4a)-9;

这个变形后的式子,有a²+4a。而根据上面的方程根带入的结果,
a²+4a-2 = 0;
a²+4a = 2;

所以
2a²+8a-9 = 2(a²+4a)-9 = 2X2 - 9 = -5;

结果就这么简单地出来了。


再来看一道只能利用整体代入法解决的题目:
image
这里面有2个未知数a和b,但是只有一个等式,是无法求出a,b的值的。

所以,只有将a和b看成一个整体,才有可能求解。

首先,将算式变成1/a和1/b的形式,原式的分子分母同时除以ab:
image

变形成功,再将已知条件带入算式:
image

求得答案为 1。


这就是用整体代入法来解题。这个方法告诉我们,做题有时候不要打破砂锅问到底,也要难得糊涂一下。

有时候做事需要“不求甚解”,忽略某些细节,把一些情况看成一个整体,才能更好地解决问题。至于这个整体内部的问题,那属于“人民内部矛盾”,有时候暂且搁置一下,就不成问题了。


附上解题过程:
image

image


Posted from my blog with SteemPress : https://kissfirer.000webhostapp.com/maths09

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