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PEPPERS

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Origin

The pepper is native to the area of ​​Bolivia and Peru. This was brought to the Old World by Columbus on his first voyage >(1493). In the sixteenth century it had spread its cultivation in Spain, from where it began to distribute to the rest of >Europe and the world with the collaboration of the Portuguese. Its introduction in Europe was a culinary >breakthrough, since it came to complement and even replace another widely used condiment such as black pepper.

Peppers are one of the most recognizable vegetables on the table of every human being, probably because of their square shape or even more because of their beautiful and bright colors. This type of vegetable form part of the Solanaceae family and present several colors. The yellow, red and green peppers are undoubtedly the best known and the most cooked.

There are two species of peppers, some are a large fruit and those with small fruit that would be commonly called chili. On the other hand, the peppers have a substance, the capsaicin that if it is given in great quantity, leads to them being spicy.

-Temperature: it is a demanding plant in temperature (more than the tomato and less than the aubergine).

Humidity: the optimum relative humidity ranges between 49% and 71%. The very high relative humidities favor the development of diseases and hinder fertilization. The coincidence of high temperatures and low relative humidity can cause the fall of freshly set flowers and fruits.

-Luminosity: it is a demanding plant in luminosity, especially in the first stages of development and during its flowering.

HOW TO CULTIVATE THEM FROM YOUR HOME

Creating our own garden in our house is the best idea to be able to supply our table with ecological products and that also only costs our work to take care of it and water it. This delicious vegetable can be planted in large pots or similar containers. The plants do not require much space, so they serve for gardens in pots and can even grow under cover and need a bit of care and attention.

What do we need?

Pot or container

Earth and fertilizer

Paprika Seeds

Water

The peppers need relatively large pots to grow and it is suggested to use a pot of 25 × 25 centimeters in diameter or a container of about 33 centimeters in diameter so that the roots of the peppers can develop well. The lower pots 9 diameters are not recommended, since each container will house 2 floors.

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These are the steps you must follow to grow your peppers plant:

1 - To make the seedbed of peppers, use a container or pot with a certain height and fill with soil duly paid. Go placing the seeds to a depth of 2 to 3 millimeters (we must avoid planting the seeds very close because it would cause the development of weak plants that will be difficult to grow).

2 - Between 9 and 19 days later, you should see that the paprika seedlings begin to germinate and just before transplanting the seedlings, you must dig the soil to aerate it and add more fertilizer to enrich it. You should look for a sunny area because these plants need daily lighting.

3 - Regarding irrigation, we should not exceed the daily dose, since the pepper is a sensitive plant and can cause suffocation in compacted areas. When we can see that the peppers already have a large enough size and are already ripe, we will proceed to harvest them.

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Factors that we must take into account to plant peppers

Climate and transplant

Peppers grow very well in environments that are warm, with high temperatures, around 25-27 degrees. To obtain these temperatures even in winter, it is suggested to use seeds or a seedling, to have the seedlings ready in the spring. The transplant occurs when the first leaves appear, also called cotyledons. The transplant is initially made in a tall pot about six inches from the soil of the garden or later in the garden. It is very important to avoid unwanted consequences the transplant period that should take place around May, when temperatures reach 14-15 degrees.

Earth

The soil to create our garden and plant our peppers should be prepared with care, paying attention to the pH that has to be between 5.5 and 7 and must be sandy. The drainage of water is important and, in fact, to encourage it, it is advisable to carry out a deep excavation, of approximately half a meter.

The fertilizer that is going to be used very important because the peppers need it, requires 3 to 6 kg of mature fertilizer or one tenth of granulated organic fertilizer. The rows where the sowing is done should be 70 cm apart and the plants should be 50 cm apart from each other.

Culture

The pepper plant usually grows strong, you will have to use supports to support the weight of the fruit well; a network would be a great support, positioned at a height of 50 cm horizontally. The pepper plants have a very important characteristic that must be taken into account: it grows in the form of a consecutive bifurcation. Each bifurcation that is created will be bifurcated if the plant can not be planted. Continuous bifurcations lead to changes in the fruit in size and measurements, in fact, more bifurcations are given as the plant grows, giving rise to the peppers they produce being smaller each time. The watering of pepper plants should always be abundant since the plant needs it.

Harvest

The maturation of this vegetable takes place in two first phases: first the seeds are cultivated and the interior of the fruit and then the outside. If you notice that the outer skin has green tones, it means that it is not yet time to harvest. The fruit must be harvested as soon as it has reached the end of its maturity to give the plant the possibility of creating more. By the time the harvest arrives, they are usually harvested when the fruits are ripe.

Diseases

These vegetables are plants that, by default, attract many diseases, we will name some of them: Mold, verticillium and fusarium. For these described diseases, it is strongly advised to eliminate the plant and burn or throw it in the waste, do not use it as compost since it can be very dangerous and harmful to health.

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